What is transformer and its working principle

Ever since electricity was born, people have started using it in its entirety. And why do there are also many electricity failures? Transformer has a different role in the process of discharging electricity. Perhaps many of you know what a transformer is and on what principle does it work?

We see many types of Transformer in the neighborhood. Some are small in size and some are very large. They are used according to their requirement. There are many of us who have seen transformers but they do not know what work they are engaged in.

Although the structure of the transformer is a monster like machine, but knowing about its usefulness, you might also be surprised. If you really do not know anything about these machines, then today's article, what are Transformers and how do they work, is definitely going to be very important for you.

So today I thought why should you be provided complete information in terms of the same utility along with the definition of transformer, which will make it easier for you to understand it correctly. So let's start without delay.

A transformer is a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through a magnetic field and without any change in frequency.

In this, the electric circuit that receives the electrical power of the source is called primary winding and the other circuit which delivers electric energy is called load secondary winding.

Who invented the transformer

Electric transformers were invented by William Stanley in 1885 in the United States. This information is on Wikipedia. And it is also said that the transformer was invented by Michael Faraday in 1831 in Britain.

Definition of transformer

If we look at the definition of Transformer above then we will find that this is a device that either step-up the voltage or step-down, that also according to the corresponding decrease and increase of current.

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The transformer is basically an electromagnetic energy conversion device, in which the energy that is received is first converted to primary winding into magnetic energy and then it is reconverted again to secondary winding in electric energy.

On what principle does the transformer operate?

If we talk about transformer, then the principle on which it works is called Faraday's Law of Electromagnetic Induction.

According to this Principle, "The magnitude of voltage is directly proportional to the rate of change of flux."

Transformer structure

Now let us know about the transformer's parts.

Although transformers have many parts but the most prominent of them are three parts,

Primary Winding of Transformer

Transformer's Magnetic Core

Secondary Winding of Transformer

Primary winding

This is the primary winding that produces magnetic flux when it is connected to an electric source.

Magnetic core

The magnetic flux generated in this primary winding is passed through a low reluctance path which is linked to the secondary winding and it creates a closed magnetic circuit.

Secondary winding

The flux that occurs in primary winding is passed through the core which is linked with secondary winding. This winding is also wrapped in the same core and it also produces the required output of the transformer.

Note It is important to understand that transformers do not generate electrical power; They transfer electrical power from one AC circuit to another using magnetic coupling.

The core of the transformer is used to provide a controlled path to the magnetic flux that is generated by the current in the transformer that flows into the windings, also called coils.